Linux is robust, as it implements journaling, the system automatically recovers after the computer loses power or shuts off. Often Windows users face the issue of system crash whenever such conditions occur. Although, always recommended to follow the shutdown procedure, instead of the power off.
When the Linux machine with GRUB loads, it displays a menu of operating systems to choose to load and run. It waits for some time, and if no choice is given, it loads the default operating system. The operating system then takes control of the computer and peripherals attached to it and finally displays the login screen waiting for the user to provide username and password.
The system matches the provided credentials, and if they are correct, the user reaches to the next level, where he/she can issue commands to perform tasks, use utility programs such as editors, compiler, or play games. The user interacts with the OS with a provided user interface, which is either a command-line interface or desktop. Linux Display Manager or Login Manager loads the login window and desktop environment after verifying login credentials.
Exit GUI interface to command-line with the Ctrl + Alt + Backspace or Ctrl + Alt + F1 and shift back to GUI with the Ctrl + Alt + F7.
Linux Desktops
- XDM: The oldest display manager introduced in 1988 with very minimalist features and interface. X Windows System starts an X server session once the username/password entered. It's configurable and behavior controlled by resource files and shell scripts.
- KDE displays a panel at the bottom of the screen. The control center entry in the main-menu used to configure every aspect of the KDE like themes, panel, peripherals (printers and keyboards), and web browsing capabilities. The internet aware file manager can access remote FTP directories to display or download files. Thus, the file manager works as a fully functional web browser.
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