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Predictive Policing
Government and crime-control entities around the world want to use big data and AI to prevent crimes. That would encompass fields of criminology, mathematics, and statistics for gathering data on times, places, weather, and geographical conditions as well as other aspects of crimes and accidents. Furthermore would employ a deep learning algorithm to teach itself by analyzing big data.
China the world's leader in big-data – Predictive Policing
China Government is rolling out a social credit scoring system which uses big data and facial recognition technology to surveil the population. The central authorities would use it to keep a closer watch on country's 1.3 billion citizens. It would help to limit the specific activities like booking of flights by untrustworthy people.
According to Human Rights Watch, an advanced system ‘Integrated Joint Operations Platform‘ deployed in restive western Xinjiang region is pooling data on people from many sources. It's used to flag and detain people deemed potential threats. The ethnic majority have come under electronic surveillance–tracking what they buy, where they go, with whom they meet.
Chinese security forces have been building ‘Police Clouds‘ designed to predict and prevent both crime and political unrest.
Britain – Predictive Policing
According to the New Scientist publication, British police engaged in a Pilot project ‘National Data Analytics Solution‘ to assess the likelihood that someone is either going to commit or be the victim of crime. The system is tested on local and national police databases which include details of crimes, as well as details of 5 million people on 1TB of data. The people in the database get tagged by an algorithm and risk score assigned indicating how likeliness to commit a serious crime.
The software found nearly 1400 indicators and 30 factors to predict crime. The law enforcement entity wishes to counsel individuals by social services likely to commit violent crime flagged by NDAS. The system using algorithm would send mental health professionals to people’s homes with chances they may commit or fall victim to a crime. The system objective is to prevent crime and save money used in solving crimes and chasing criminals. Its expected that system may come online by March 2019, identifying perpetrators and victims before a crime is committed.
Predictive Policing by the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD)
The department worked with UC Berkeley researchers and analyzed an extensive database of 13 million crimes recorded over 80 years. They predicted the likeliness of specific crime type at a particular location of time. Furthermore identified crime hotspots, where it is likely to happen in the future. With the model predictions, the LAPD was able to reduce the crime by 12 to 26%. The police ramped up patrols in areas where AI-based systems predicted crime was more likely to happen.
Big Questions
The data is available for everything and everyone, then why still crimes are happening?
Disturbing social media posts and comments are findable, they why police are late to react? Why still they wait for the crime to happen?
In 1765, William Blackstone argued that “it is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer.” Is Predictive Policing would bring detention to private musings and idle thoughts.